Std-11, Commerce, Organization of Commerce, Ch-8, Nature and Significance of Management, Module-08

Kids, let’s see the next module, explain the various levels of management. Now, management exists everywhere, remember. It’s universal. Management is required in every organisation. Size of the organisation may not be the same. Some are small, some are medium and some are large. So, style of management for different scale is different. Management of small organisation is simple and the management of a grocery shop is also simple so, than management of the bank or a car manufacturing company. So, in a large scale organisation management is complicated. So, therefore it is done by making different parts, all levels of in the organisation. Now, levels are made according to the size and requirement of the organisation. So, usually there are three levels, do remember, right. Three levels of management, top level, middle level and the lower level that is supervisory level. You can see in front of you, a pyramid, top level, middle level and the lower level, right. Now, who works at the top level? Let’s see, board of directors, right, managing director, CEO that is Chief Executive Officer. Now, what work they do at this level, let’s understand. So all these people work at top level, we decide the objectives and goals of the organisation, we frame the plans and the policies to achieve these objectives, we see that the policies are properly implemented, we create various positions to do different activities, we also appoint leaders, right, at the middle level of management and give them directions to carry out different, different activities, we evaluate, we check the performance of various other different departments at the middle level.
Now, let’s check middle level. Herein, correct, who works, right, head of the finance department, head of IT department, head of HR department. Now, what work they do? Let’s check, we link, right, they are connecting link between the top level and the lower level of management. They understand the policies of the top level, top level whatever the policies they make, middle level understand and they make it more simple so that the lower level again understands. We decide the plan of action in the department to achieve the targets given. We assign specific duties to the staff in the department. We help top management to coordinate the activities of various departments. We train people from the department to carry out the different activities in the future. We appoint lower or supervisory level staff.
So, now we come to the lower level that is supervisory level. Now, what these people are? Let’s see who are they? They are supervisor, they are foreman and superintendent, right, kids. Now what work they do? Let’s check, we get the instructions from the middle level, right, and they follow them accordingly. We assign the works to subordinates. We give instructions and direct subordinates to complete the task or the job. We guide them, right, wherever it’s required or necessary. We look after the maintenance of machinery, equipment and tools. We solve the problems and settle the disputes among the subordinates, right, disputes or some misunderstandings. We conduct quality check of the product or service from time to time.
Thank you.
To Watch More Such Videos Download The Free RobomatePlus App:   https://goo.gl/V07g2J
Or
Visit Website:  http://robomateplus.com/

Std 11,Commerce,Organization of Commerce,Ch 3,Private,Public and Global,Module 01

Hi, kids, we are going to start with the third chapter of OCM, Private sector, Public sector and Global enterprises. So, let’s enjoy this chapter no. 3. Let’s check up the first module.
And the first question, how are business sectors classified? Now, business organisation is set up which undertakes business activities by producing or distributing goods and services. You can see, production going on in all these clips alongside, manufacturing of planes and plane parts, automobiles, soft drinks and some of the products being shown. So, business is not only producing but also distribution. So, once goods are produced they need to be distributed through transport services and different, different middlemen. You can see, loading and unloading taking place and truck is in motion, right. So, transportation and distribution is compulsory.
The main objective of business is to earn profit money. Nowadays, profit is not only the aim of business organisation but they have to fulfil, they have to do something for society, we call it as social responsibilities. You are correct, we call it as social responsibilities. Now, Indian economy has got mixed economy which is divided or includes private sector and public sector organisations. So, the private sector organisation mostly focuses on profit, profit and profit motive, that’s goal or aim. Whereas, public sector focuses on service motive. So, you can see in the picture shown private sector, speaks only and talks only of profit, public service, right. Do remember, in India now these business sectors are classified as, as we saw just now a private sector and a public sector. Now, let’s understand this a little bit in more details. It is run by private individuals or maybe group of individuals, right. It is controlled by them and not by state government or central government, do remember that. Whereas on the other hand public sector undertaking owned, managed and controlled by Sarkar or the government, do remember, right.
Further down we have different types under private sector.
So, let’s check one by one sole trading is first, it is owned, managed and controlled by single individual. So, that’s the picture of sole trader, right. Sometimes we even call him as one man show because he does everything for his business, do remember. Joint Hindu Family Business, you can see all family members living together, right, so all of them when they enter into business together we call it as Joint Hindu Family business. Do remember, when all family members come together and start business, it is called as (JHFB) Joint Hindu Family Business.
Third we see, Partnership Firm. Now to overcome the demerits of some sole trading we have partnership firm coming up, wherein two or more than two people they come together and have sharing in profit as per profit sharing ratio.
Next, we see Joint Stock Company, herein large number of people they invest their money, correct, and what they get, they get in return shares. And what the money collected in hand of company becomes share capital. So, they share ownership of the company. Each and every individual becomes the owner of the company.
Next we see is, co-operative association of persons coming voluntarily by their own willingness together with a service motto or motive to serve the society. So, these all makes your private sector.
Now, let us understand Public Sector. The very first we see, Departmental Undertaking, you can see chook chook gadi here, that’s the railways. Now, these enterprises are fully owned and controlled and managed by government and their management is with ministry sitting at the centre, that in New Delhi. So this is departmental undertaking, ministers are incharge of those departments.
Next, we see Statutory Co-operations, now these types are autonomous corporate body set up under special Act of Parliament or maybe of Legislature, right, examples are Reserve Bank of India, LIC, what are all these, statutory co-operatives, right. They are formed and take birth just by passing an Act, in parliament or state legislature.
Now, third type Government Companies that is a company where minimum 51% of equity are owned by government of India, do remember that. Example Indian Oil Corporation, right, kids, 51% with government means government companies, do remember, right. So this was the third and last type under Public Sector.
To Watch More Such Videos Download The Free RobomatePlus App:   https://goo.gl/V07g2J
Or
Visit Website:  http://robomateplus.com/